Understand Venture Failure Stigmatization -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Understand Venture Failure Stigmatization? Answer: Presentation From adolescence, my best minutes in life had been the point at which I was playing football. Truth be told, I can't recall when I began playing football however, as grew up, football was in me, and I was in football. As it were, this game determines the most elevated level of fulfillment in my life. Also, its most fascinating piece was spilling the ball and having cheers everywhere throughout the observers. I considered football to be the main elective that could take me to my fantasy land. I really observed numerous open doors in my ability in addition to the boldness I had picked up from days of yore when I began playing football. My motivations were by at that point, the popular footballers who among others incorporated any semblance of Christian Ronaldo, john terry, Frank Lampard, and Henry among others. There came a groundbreaking open door when my secondary school group was to play against Forest Rovers. This club plays a famous class and it so happened that it was one of the top clubs in the group. The clubs the executives with the expectation of enlisting a foundation group, composed a match between my school and a competition group inside a similar area in which, the best entertainers would undeniably be chosen to join the clubs institute. My group by then was well outfitted with too gifted folks, a large portion of Couse like me. The too gifted fellows werent anything exceptional to me. As it were, I was damn certain and sure; I would be among the stars to be chosen for the group institute. Much to my dismay that it was simply yet bogus certainty that I had. At the point when we launched the game, obviously, of course, my partners and different understudies anticipated uncommon execution from me. As it were, I was the group skipper. The game was all ideal however it was too serious as all players needed to abuse their best to get an opportunity to be a piece of Forest Rovers. Also, players to be chosen were to be paid on a week after week premise. The game went far up to additional time with the adversaries having two players off because of red cards. In any case, they figured out how to safeguard until punishments. This second truly appeared as though those minutes in motion pictures when I missed the main objective in the punishments that would cause my group to qualify. We lost the game to the contention school. Any expectations, which my group, my mentor, and individual understudies may have had in me grabbing of the goalkeeper to get the show on the road into the net all finished with me warming and dismissing the ball from the net. I was normally furious with myself, holding it to my duty to have spared my group and getting a lifetime opportunity that would perhaps get me offered to a progressively unmistakable club like Barcelona, Manchester City, and Arsenal bookkeeping others. I continued replaying the memory in my mind, and I was unable to determine how I kicked the ball out, leaving the tremendous objective with only a little attendant. On the off chance that reality, I would see myself scoring the punishment in my mind however this would not mirror any positive wonder as it was only a creative mind sourcing from the humiliation and disillusionment. Obviously, it is one of the most exceedingly awful disappointments life has ever tossed at me, and it truly left me distraught at myself. The experience, the main elective I needed to take was the suggestions to chill off. This, be that as it may, astonished me as I suspected my partners would be a lot angrier as I caused the flaw. From this, I discovered that disappointments are normal happenings throughout everyday life, which can be so discouraging and disillusioning from the start. In significant reflection, I found that missteps and disappointments are once in a while positive supporters of the accomplishment of life. It is totally right that considerable inadequacies in life are not immediately overlooked. Each time I play football, I get a memory of that second, and I believe I can't be as thoughtless as I was that ady, to miss the punishment that could have decidedly influenced my life. I later inferred that despite the fact that I missed joining the clubs foundation, I could generally be cautious for my other up and coming chances. Actually, my disappointment gives me the accept that I can win whenever I fall into such chances References Alberstein, Michal. The Success-Failure Anxiety in Conflict Resolution: Between Law, Narrative and Field Building.IJCER2 (2014): 35. Alexander, Jonathan, and Jacqueline Rhodes. Straightening Effects: Composition's Multicultural Imperative and the Problem of Narrative Coherence.College Composition and Communication(2014): 430-454. Harfitt, Gary James. From whittling down to maintenance: An account request of why starting educators leave and afterward rejoin the profession.Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education43.1 (2015): Nursing. Singh, Smita, Patricia Doyle Corner, and Kathryn Pavlovich. Fizzled, not completed: An account way to deal with understanding endeavor disappointment stigmatization.Journal of Business Venturing30.1 (2015): 150-166. Vaara, Eero. On the verbose development of achievement/disappointment in stories of post-merger integration.Organization studies23.2 (2002): 211-248. Wang, Cynthia S., et al. Point of view taking builds readiness to activities in intergroup contact.PloS one9.1 (2014): e85681.

Expanding the multicultural debate Essay

The creators utilize three explicit guides to validate their contentions †first, the propensity for the Japanese macaques to wash yams; second, how a baby chimpanzee takes in the American Sign Language from its mom; and third, the use of devices by wild chimpanzees. Primatologists in Japan found a surprising conduct that began in a female Japanese macaque and was imitated by others in her troop in a brief time. This female, known as Imo, started to wash yams in the stream before eating it. Before long she started to hold the potato in the surge of water with one hand and scour it with the other hand. This tale conduct spread among the individuals from the troop in a quite certain example. It was seen that youthful monkeys took in another conduct quicker than grown-up monkeys. It was likewise observed that female funds took in an expertise or propensity quicker than male monkeys, the purpose behind this example being that females have a more noteworthy inclination to remain inside a gathering and take an interest in kinfolk transmission of information. A culture of washing yams was along these lines transmitted from mother to youngster over an entire group of macaques. Researchers in the United States of America considered the obtaining of the American Sign Language (ASL) by chimpanzees. Washoe was a chimpanzee raised since its introduction to the world as a customary American white collar class youngster by a couple of non-permanent parents who talked with her and between one another just in ASL. When she was 51 months old she had a whole collection of signs to respond to addresses like what, who, how, when, whey, where, and so on. A similar trial was rehashed with four different chimpanzees and comparative outcomes were gotten with them. After Washoe moved to a lab she raised a child chimpanzee named Loulis. Washoe educated Loulis ASL. His jargon included 51 signs when he was 73 months old. Utilization of essential instruments to separate open nuts and natural products has been seen in the chimpanzees living in West Africa. Those raised in imprisonment additionally indicated this expertise. At the point when a gathering of chimpanzees who didn't know to utilize blacksmith's iron like and mallet like apparatuses, were set with three other people who knew how to utilize stones as instruments. It was discovered that this specific expertise spread quickly among the chimpanzees. The youthful ones educated it quicker than grown-ups and females learned it quicker than the guys. It was additionally discovered that those chimpanzees roused by others in the gathering to utilize stone apparatuses took in the expertise better than those chimpanzees that needed inspiration. The creator reasons that non-human primates are social creatures despite the fact that they don't communicate in a language. He says that ‘animals’ and ‘humans’ are not distinctive on a basic level. Charles Darwin put individuals nearby creatures to show the coherence of species. Consequently, says the creator, there must be an extreme modification in the way where creatures are morally treated and that they should be managed utilizing a similar good rules that individuals use in managing other people. There are numerous confirmations that both help and restrict the case that non-human primates are social creatures who involve a similar treatment as individuals on a moral level. The principle focal point of the supporting proof has been on how primates learn new practices and abilities. They learn by perception, guidance, social clash, and gathering learning (Poirier and Hussey, 1982). While people likewise learn practices and aptitudes along these lines, they are supposed to be separate by the way that they are as yet learning, and hence vary from primates on a transformative premise (Farb, 1978). As such, normal determination has chosen the ideal measure of learning required by primates to get by in nature. Advancement and learning have a lot to do with the development of the primate mind (Reader and Laland, 2001). Expanded cerebrum size influenced the learning aptitudes of primates and their capacity to advance. However, the opposite is additionally conceivable. The advancement of the primate cerebrum has relied upon their capacity to learn in different manners. It was not just more noteworthy cerebrum size that permitted primates to procure specialized information, yet innovation additionally improved mind development (Whiten and Byrne, 1997). Another contention goes that people are increasingly adjusted to culture contrasted with different species (Tomasello, 1999). Social adjustments may have begun when kids started to express new phonetic images. This more likely than not set up a completely extraordinary intellectual contraption contrasted with that of non-human primates (Tomasello, 1999). Language as a pointer of culture has been concentrated widely (Cheney and Seyfarth, 1996). It is comprehended that numerous types of monkey gangs language abilities that may be viewed as antecedents of human language. Vervet monkeys are known to convey in signs containing a semantic structure (Seyfath et al, 1980). In this regard they can be considered to have a semantic culture like people do. Culture has been characterized from numerous points of view. This meaning of culture can be applied distinctly to individuals, â€Å"†Culture †¦ is that perplexing entire which incorporates information, conviction, workmanship, law, ethics, custom, and some other ca-pabilities and propensities procured by man as an individual from society† (Tylor, 1871). As per this definition culture is an area of people (Holloway, 1969). While individuals and non-human primates both learn various abilities and practices, they contrast in the way in which that experience is sorted out. Social structure alone can't be utilized to state that non-human primates and people are both social species since all species have a social structure or some likeness thereof or the other. Individuals vary from different species in their capacity to make self-assertive and theoretical principles that shape social relations in way than rises above every natural tie. Other models, for example, the capacity of primates to determine clashes have been utilized to show that primates are not very not the same as people (Greenberg et al, 2000). However this goals accompanies a statement. Animosity is basic in social gatherings, for example, non-human primates. Chimpanzees are known to live in harmony in their gatherings yet are effectively incited into forceful conduct (Goodall, 1986). Compromise as a rule happens when a more seasoned individual from the clan intercedes. A few researchers characterize what components must be utilized to indicate culture †marks, signs, aptitudes and images (van Schaik et al, 2003). As indicated by an examination done on orangutans and chimpanzees, it was discovered that solitary individuals had all the foul social components, that is, the names which imply inclinations and capacity to perceive food or predators and don't require a lot of advancement; signs to social transmit messages especially of gathering esteem; aptitudes that involve innovation and development; and images that were progressively refined signs that got quality of a gathering. Orangutans and chimpanzees have just the initial three components. Culture is an extremely conceptual term when used to depict wonder that can't be evaluates, for example, the capacity to make workmanship and models and writing that are very attribute of the life and times of the maker. In a developmental and organic framework where abilities and semantics are estimated, non-human primates can be viewed as refined however when the intellectual capacities are watched, culture seems, by all accounts, to be really the area of people. References: Farb, P. (1978). Mankind. New York: Bantam Greenberg, M. , Pierotti, R. , Southwick, C. H. and Waal, F. B. M (2000). Struggle and Resolution in Primates-All Too Human? Science, 290 (5494). 1095-1097 Poirier, F. E. and Hussey K. K. (1982). Nonhuman Primate Learning: The Importance of Learning from an Evolutionary Perspective. Human sciences and Education Quarterly, 13(2), 133-148. Peruser, S. M. and Laland, K. N. (2002). Social Intelligence, Innovation, and Enhanced Brain Size in Primates. Procedures of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99(7), 4436-4441. Seyfarth, R. M. , Cheney. D. L. , and Marler P. (1980). Monkey reactions to three distinctive alert calls: proof of predator characterization and semantic correspondence. Science, 210, 801-803 Tomasello, M (1999). The Human Adaptation for Culture. Yearly Review of Anthropology, 28, (1999), 509-529. Tylor. E. B. (1871). Crude Culture. London: Murray Whiten, A. and Byrne, R. W. (1997) Machiavellian Intelligence II. Augmentations and 30. Assessments. Cambridge Univ. Press: Cambridge, U. K. Van Schaik et al (2003). Orangutan Cultures and the Evolution of Material Culture. Science, 299 (5603), 102-105.

Understanding Emotions Through Facial Expressions

Understanding Emotions Through Facial Expressions Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Social Skills Print How to Read Facial Expressions You can improve your ability to read others emotions By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on November 20, 2019 Zone Creative/Vetta/Getty Images More in Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Social Skills Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Work and School Related Conditions The ability to understand facial expressions is an important part of nonverbal communication. If you only listen to what a person says and ignore what that persons face is telling you, then you really only have half the story.?? Often words do not match emotions, and the face betrays what a person is actually feeling. If you suffer from  social anxiety disorder (SAD) you might have a hard time paying attention to facial expressions. You might have trouble with eye contact or read too much into negative expressions on other peoples faces. Although it is important to pay attention to facial expressions, remember that knowing the emotion doesnt tell you the cause. If someone seems bored, upset or disinterested it could be for a number of reasons â€" and have nothing to do with you. The value in understanding facial expressions is to gather information about how the other person is feeling and guide your interaction accordingly. If someone appears disinterested she might just be tired, and it might be time to end the conversation. Below are five tips to help you better read the facial expressions of others. Universal Emotions Research by Dr. Paul Eckman tells us that there are a handful of universal facial expressions that cross cultural divides. Even blind people make the same faces to express the same universal emotions.?? The universal expressions are: SurpriseFearDisgustContemptAngerSadnessHappiness Practice making the facial expressions that go along with these emotions and you will become better at recognizing them in other people. Micro-Expressions Not all facial expressions stick around for a long time. Those that pass quickly are called micro-expressions?? and are almost indiscernible to the casual observer. You might be picking up on these micro-expressions if you get a feeling about someone. Dont ignore your gut. Eyebrows Eyebrows?? tell a lot about what a person is feeling. They can be... Raised and arched (surprise)Lowered and knit together (anger)Inner corners drawn up (sadness) Watch someones eyebrows to get a handle on how that person is feeling. Eyes The only thing more telling than the eyebrows are the eyes?? themselves. They might be Wide open (surprise)Intensely staring (anger)Have crows feet crinkles (happy) In addition, dilated pupils can indicate fear or romantic interest, while rapid blinking might signal dishonesty or stress. Mouth The final piece of the facial expression puzzle has to do with the mouth.?? Look for: A dropped jaw (surprise)Open mouth (fear)One side of the mouth raised (hate)Corners raised (happiness)Corners drawn down (sadness) Other signals to look for are: Lip biting (anxiety)Pursed lips (distaste)Covering the mouth (hiding something) How to Read Body Language and Facial Expressions These are only a few tips to get you thinking about the facial expressions you see during conversation and what they mean.?? If you find you are having a hard time reading other peoples emotions through their expressions, you might need more practice, or you might simply have trouble decoding what others are feeling If your inability to read facial expressions causes you distress, consider seeking help from a mental health professional to identify the issue and appropriate method of remediation.

What Problems Has Society Experienced When An Act

Law is a method of resolution involving several different types of law in a difficult process of attempting to regulate acts of crime. Failure to code and act as debauched and damaging by an elected representative, it is not viewed as a crime; however, any act can be coded or defined by the government and can be made an act of crime. If an act is committed, and there are no provisions of punishment for the specific act, the governing body can write a new law; furthermore, no act is erroneous unless the government says it is erroneous (Robinson, 2005, pp. 50-51). What problems has society experienced when an act has not yet been coded, or the governing body has repudiated coding? The United States Congress codes all crimes at the†¦show more content†¦53-61). Criminal law enables the government to prosecute acts committed against the government, administer punishment according to the law, all without encroaching on constitutional rights. â€Å"This means that the governmen t can use force to make sure the criminal law is not violated, but not so much force that it interferes with the rights of individual citizens† (Robinson, 2005, p. 62). Should certain heinous criminal law violations require an individual to relinquish their constitutional rights? â€Å"This approach would pronounce acts as more or less serious on the basis of the degree of harm that they cause. That is, more harmful acts would be considered more serious, and less harmful acts would be called less serious† (Robinson, 2005, p. 63). Criminal law fails to define acts based on their level of seriousness. â€Å"Failure to define intentional or other forms of culpable harms as â€Å"crimes† can also pose a threat to social order, because citizens may perceive that their government is failing to protect them† (Robinson, 2005, p. 63). Is government failing to protect the citizens of the United States, due to the failure of properly defining the seriousness of crimes? Certain acts have been labeled as crimes committed by the poor; therefore, government laws are biased against poor people; furthermore, an even grander bias, disregarding white-collar and corporate crimes.

The Social Contract and Its Impact on the Government Essay

The Social Contract and Its Impact on the Government The â€Å"Social Contract† was a theory written in the 17th and 18th century. This theory argued four important main points. These main points said that the state existed to serve the will of the people, that people were the only source of government power, that the people were free to withhold power of the government, but also had the ability to give power to the government, and finally it stated that the ideas in this document limited government, individual rights, and popular sovereignty. James Harrington, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke wrote this document. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both very important men, and both had a tremendous influence on†¦show more content†¦The Articles of Confederation were the Nation’s first constitution, and was called the â€Å"firm league of friendship† among the 13 states. Although there was only good in mind when they were written, the Articles of Confederation had major problems. Sin ce the nation had just left the rule of the British, the people were reluctant to have a strong government, and this is why the Articles had very limited powers. For example, the Articles did not provide for a president or a national court system. It did, however, create a Congress that allowed each state to have one vote, but these powers were limited as well. They had the power to call for war, but could not make the states obey treaties of other nations or draft for soldiers. Congress also did not have the power to regulate any sort of trade, interstate or foreign. They also did not have the power to tax individuals or states as well. Due the lack of powers written in the Article of Confederation the document was soon considered to be a failure. One of the many reasons that the Articles of Confederation was not successful was because of the problems the nation faced at that time. Just a few of the hardships the people faced included the Stamp Act of 1765, Boston Massacre 1770, Bo ston Tea Party 1773, the Intolerable Acts 1774, Lexington and Concord 1775, and finally the Declaration of Independence in July of 1776. The framers thought that the Articles could help out theShow MoreRelatedJohn Locke And Rousseau s Impact On Western Political Development1593 Words   |  7 Pages2015 Locke and Rousseau The Enlightenment saw many great thinkers, but maybe no other individuals had a greater impact on Western political development than John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Locke and Rousseau, at the core of their arguments, believed that mankind creates a social contract within society. However, Rousseau and Locke differ in their exact view of the social contract, but both agree that some individual rights must be sacrificed for the good of mankind, and that before there wasRead MoreEssay On John Locke And Thomas Hobbes1076 Words   |  5 Pagesbig impact in history. Today, everyone recognizes natural rights and the modern system of government uses social contracts every day. Thomas Hobbes was born in 1588 in England. He was an Enlightenment philosopher, a scientist, and a historian. Hobbes was most popular for his political philosophies. In 1651, he wrote Leviathan, a book about politics. It talked about why he favored an absolute monarchy. 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Football Coach Free Essays

Football Coach As the sun rises to its highest peak of the day, the local high school team starts heading to the dry dirt filled football field. As the athletes make their way to the field the dust rises and the smell of the soil hits their nose. The athletes continuing their daily ritual, get into their usual formations and start their warm ups. We will write a custom essay sample on Football Coach or any similar topic only for you Order Now The head coach, Shane Cox, walks around and initiates small talk with the players. Shane Cox inherited the head position at Fairfax High School in 1999. He turned around a football program that hasn’t won a single football game in two years; Shane Cox has won two Los Angeles Division II City Championships in the past decade. Serving for more than 13 years, Coach Cox has contributed a lot of his time and effort into this program at Fairfax High School. A high school coach has to work additional hours during the sports season. This can result in a work week over 40 hours. Working nights, holidays, evenings and weekends are common for high school coaches. A high school coach has to be prepared to work in bad weather and be willing to travel with the team to different locations for games. They also run the risk of injury due to being on the sidelines during sports games. Although Coach Cox’s accomplishments for coaching are impressive, his accomplishments off the field are impressive as well. A football coach’s job is to not only improve his player athletically, but as a person as well. How to cite Football Coach, Papers

Marketing and Customer Orientation free essay sample

Discuss what is meant by the term â€Å"customer orientation† for an organisation in the context of the marketing mix. Please discuss two elements of the marketing mix and illustrate your answer with examples of products or brands of your choice. This essay is for discussing customer orientation and analysis how customer orientation works. During this essay, I will show you what is customer orientation and compare it with other different orientations. In addition, I will talk about marketing mix in customer-oriented organization. Finally, I will show you two brands as example for discussing and comparing about their marketing mix. â€Å"Customer orientation† means an organization, which is running by producing or providing affordable goods or services then making customers satisfying and raise the customer value. â€Å"Competitor orientation† is an opposite mode to compare with â€Å"customer orientation†, as competitor oriented organization, they paid more attention on what did their competitors do and how to do a better work than their competitors. There’s another orientation called †marketing orientation†, it is a kind of mode between customer orientation and competitor orientation, not only concern about what their customer need, also care about how to make them more competitive than their competitor, they do keep a balance in both customer orientation and competitor orientation. As companies and organizations, they need to choose proper marketing tools what are depend on their orientation. So, â€Å"marketing mix† is often crucial when determining a product or brands offer. Normally, â€Å"marketing mix,† means McCarthy‘s 4Ps theory, which is included Price, Product, Promotion, and Place. Afterward, the 4Ps have been expanded to the 7Ps and even more. There is another theory, which is called 4Cs; Robert F. Lauterborn put this theory forward. This theory is involved Customers’ wants and needs, Cost, Communication and Convenience, different with 4Ps and 7Ps theory, the 4Cs put its emphasis on customers as a customer oriented version. Following is some comparing between 4Ps and 4Cs: (Roy McClean, 2012)  ·Consumer wants and needs (vs. Products) You cant develop products and then try to sell them to a mass market. You have to study consumer wants and needs and then attract consumers one by one with something each one wants. Author of the movie Field of Dreams, J. P. Cancilla may have exclusive rights to the phrase build it and they will come. In most cases, you have to find out what people want and then build it for them, their way.  ·Cost to satisfy (vs. Price) You have to realize that price measured in dollars is one part of the cost to satisfy. If you sell hamburgers, for example, you have to consider the cost of driving to your restaurant, the cost of conscience of eating meat, etc. One of the most difficult places to be in the business world is the retailer selling at the lowest price. If you rely strictly on price to compete you are vulnerable to competition in the long term.  ·Convenience to buy (vs. Place) You must think of convenience to buy instead of place. You have to know how each subset of the market prefers to buy on the Internet, from a catalogue, on the phone, using credit cards, etc. Lands End clothing, Amazon Books and Dell Computers are just a few businesses that do very well over the Internet.  ·Communication (vs. Promotion) You have to consider the communication instead of promotion. Promotion is manipulative (ouch! ) its from the seller. Communication requires a give and take between the buyer and seller (thats nicer). Be creative and you can make any advertising interactive. Use phone numbers, your web site address, etc. to help here. And listen to your customers when they are with you. Actually, in my point of view, customer orientation has more advantages and it is good approaches, which can make their products, get into the marketing in a short time. By knowing what do customers need, the companies are able to adjust their marketing strategy as soon as possible for making customers satisfied. Moreover, customer orientation can motivate more creative during the produce. Because the customer oriented organization have undertaken more responsibility of customers, they are able to build a much more positive brand image in customers than other orientation, at the same time, customers can get more choices as well in the customer oriented marketing. As for being a customer oriented organization, marketing research is the most important part, as we know, research is the best way to know customers’ need for reaching customers’ expectation. In addition, classify product into different categories for making customers more convenience during there expend is neccesary, as well as satisfying customers who are in different classes and having consumption habit. What I need to emphasize here is, segmentation is assignable tool to be a customer-oriented organization. Not only it can put their product into an exact marketing positioning, also can make needs of customers into a more specific categories classified. For example, companies can put their customers into different groups by consider about geographical factors, age factors, gender factors, income factors, education background factors, social status factors, personality factors, lifestyle factors, behavior factors, nationality factors, religion factors, occupation factors and more. It is really influence an organization in a positive aspect, like finding out and developing more new business chances, and put their resources into marketing by a proper way. It does increase effective uses of their resources. The customer oriented organizations also need to improve customer value, for example, like providing services more than customers bought, keeping contact with customers even customers do not spend money at their organization at these moments, trying keep customers’ costs lower and lower on their product than a same of other, having actions after customers give advises and complaints†¦ As a successful customer oriented organization, they must earn trust and customer loyalty from their customer as the first step. Then build a strong positive image and finally keep a long-term friendly relationship with their customers. Next, I will show you two different brands and analyze them by marketing mix, from product and promotion these two aspects and simply compare them. Zara is a Spanish clothing and accessories retailer based in Arteixo, Galicia, and founded in 1975 by Amancio Ortega and Rosalia Mera. It is the flagship chain store of the Inditex group and the worlds largest apparel retailer as well. As we know, the biggest characteristic of Zara is the â€Å"fast fashion† mode. This amazing group can complete a mount of product from design, produce to ready for selling within only 15 days. Moreover, Zara can push over 120000 kinds of style in a year, but only a few mounts for each will be sold in one flagship store. It means, you may not able to find the cloth you had seen it few days ago, and when you were shopping in Zara, you can see the totally different clothes with last week. Actually, Zara is a typical customer oriented organization, they shows the newest fashion to customers even the fashion is just imitative fakes. They can let their customers catch fashion as soon as possible but do not need to afford the expansive costs as buying luxury brand. For these reasons, Zara does not need sales promotion to motivate customers consume, they have already built a strong customer loyalty and own a positive public relations, customers always can get something within their budget at Zara. Also, Zara let all their customers know, most of their clothes are made in Europe for showing their lineage. As for another brand, Gucci is an Italian fashion and leather goods brand, part of the Gucci Group, which is owned by French company Kering formerly known as PPR. Gucci was founded by Guccio Gucci in Florence in 1921. As everyone knows, Gucci is a luxury brand and lead the top fashion nowadays, their products are only provide to high consumption of social classes by a quiet expansive price. But even the price is not affordable, they still attract a mount of customers by their Luxurious,simpleness and top fashion design. Not only it is a symbol of luxury, it also reflects a high level taste of fashion. There is no doubt that Gucci always keep their products in a superior quality for being a luxury brand. Moreover, Gucci is really good at making use of celebrity effect for raise their brand value, and Gucci always let their customers feeling that, Gucci means the upper class. I have to say, it is really a smart promotion method, which combine public relations and advertising —— make a equal between their brand image and luxurious by let celebrities to be their advertise. So even I do not think Gucci is a pure customer orientation, they do make a great success in their field. Actually, Zara and Gucci are both fashion brand but have total different marketing positioning. Gucci is in a brand group who truly lead the top fashion, and produce high-end and exquisite product. Different with Gucci, Zara is just produce â€Å"fake fashion† by imitate, but can make a huge profit by the marketing mode. I cannot decide which one is better, but they are both successful that we cannot deny. In the paragraphs above, I have talked definitions about customer orientation, competitor orientation and marketing orientation. Then, I discussed about marketing mix and compared 4Ps theory and 4Cs theory. Afterward, I talked about advantages and necessary elements for being a customer oriented organization. At the final part of my essay, there are two successful brand were showed by me and I compare the different mode of them in the last paragraph.