Essay on Appearance vs. Reality in Peter Shaffers Amadeus

Appearance vs. Reality in Peter Shaffers Amadeus In the world of the 18th century, appearance was everything; and appearance often conflicted with reality. Such is the case in Peter Shaffer’s, Amadeus, which follows Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s musical career. Mozart’s career was enveloped in deceit and falsity, appearing to be brought on by poor choices he made, when all along he was being sabotaged by Salieri. When Mozart arrives in Vienna, Antonio Salieri pretends to welcome him. He even writes a welcome March for Mozart, to be played as the young, rebellious musician enters the court. However, Salieri hates Mozart from the beginning. Salieri is nice to Mozart’s face, and pretends to support his career to all†¦show more content†¦So shameful I can hardly speak of it even now...A design -- childish, cruel beyond all justifying -- to hasten the man towards madness or even death. Unable to stop myself, I got me a cloack of grey -- yes -- and a mask of grey. And appeared myself to the demented creature as the figure from his dreams. Yes! I, Antonio Salieri, First Royal Kappelmeister to the Empire, stalked in this guise through th e freezing night, into that dingy alley where he lived. Stationed myself beneath his window. And waited.† (Amadeus, 79) Mozart sees him standing below his window, and invites the ghastly figure up to his room. Salieri begins â€Å"tramping up the stairs with feet of stone† and enters the place where Mozart lives. The poor musician is half-mad and ranting about his incomplete Mass. The conversation continues... â€Å"Mozart: ...Is it not good? Salieri: What else would it be? Mozart: Signore?...Signore...Salieri? Why? It’s a game, yes?...Good game!...Has it been you, all the time? Salieri: All the time: yes...All the time. Ten years. Ever since you came here. Ever since that moment in the library, when I first tasted it. Your sublime poison. Mozart: Poison? Salieri: We

Cultural Assessment Western Africa Region - 772 Words

Cultural Assessment: Western Africa Region West Africa is defined by a series of elongated countries that border the Atlantic Ocean, with an exception of Burkina Faso. The countries are small in area compared to the other parts of Africa. Western Africa makes up the largest population cluster in sub-Saharan Africa. West African culture is based on cash crops for export in many of the trade areas along the coast. Many of the West Africans have large incomes due to the sale of their crops across all global markets. Nigeria is the largest country in West Africa having 59% of the population of the Sub-Saharan. â€Å"The country s economy is dependent on the oil reserves located in the Niger delta around Port Harcourt. Oil accounts for 90% of Nigeria s exports. Nigeria is a member of OPEC but does not have control of oil prices, which have a large impact on its economy. Those who control the oil subjugate the people† (O Doherty). The culture in Nigeria is upbeat and positive. 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Strategic Management and Ikea free essay sample

? Ikea: How The Swedish Retailer Became A Global Cult Brand IKEA is a well-known global brand with hundreds of stores across the world. In order to improve performance, it must assess its external and competitive environment which will reveal the key opportunities to analyze there advantages and threats. IKEA responds to both internal and external issues in a proactive and dynamic manner by using its strengths and reducing its weaknesses. This helps IKEA to retain its strong identity in market. IKEA’s passion combines design, low prices, economical use of resources, and responsibility for people and the environment. IKEA believes that there is no compromise between doing good business and being a good business. It aims to go beyond profitability and reputation. IKEA is intent on becoming a leading example in developing a sustainable business. This will create a better everyday life for its customers. IKEA has discovered a business truth – being sustainable and responsible is not just good for customers but it is also good for the business. 1 Table of Contents 2 1. 0. Introduction 3 2. 0. Identify Critical Issues 4 3. 0. Analysis of the External and Internal Analysis 5 3. 1. External Environment 5 3. 1. 1 Macro Environment 5 3. 1. 1. (a) . PESTEL Analysis 5 3. 1. 2 Micro Environment 6 3. 1. 2. (b) Strategic Drivers Model 6 3. 1. 3. Industry Environment 7 3. 1. 3. (b) Strategic Grouping 7 3. 2. Internal Analysis 8 3. 2. 1. (a) SWOT Analysis 8 Strengths: 8 3. 2. 1. (b) Value Chain Analysis 10 4. 0. Identifying Strategic Capabilities 11 4. 1. Resources 11 4. 2. Core Competencies 11 4. 3. Dynamic Capability 11 5. 0. Conclusion 12 6. 0. References 13 7. 0. Appendices 14 1. 0. Introduction The purpose of this assignment is to identify the critical issues from the given case study about â€Å"IKEA how the Swedish retailer became a global cult brand†. This was an abridge version of the article from Business Week Online issued on 14th November 2005, in Helsinborg Sweden. IKEA is famous for its affordable furniture which consumers are required to assemble for themselves (Appendix 1). According to the case, IKEA is in a critical situation. The company is gearing up to return to Japan, seeing more competition than ever, problem of the Hybrid Strategy, how to keep the core founding values alive. The â€Å"Double loop learning model† would be used to identify IKEA’s internal and external strengths and weaknesses and it will guide develop strategies to weaken the performance gap (Appendix 2). I work for a management consulting firm â€Å"Kindling Investment Group† and my firm has been requested by IKEA to provide consulting services for strategic management of the company in the future. In the terms of reference of the contract signed by my firm and IKEA, the main tasks of this consulting project is to conduct a strategic analysis of environment and the industry as well as the company, present strategic choices, and recommend new strategic initiatives and areas for improving strategy implementation for the senior management team of IKEA. 2. 0. Identify Critical Issues IKEA’s founder, Kampard is the main strategic driver who leads the business into success. So it’s a risk that if he disappears, that may lead to serious management problems in making key strategic decisions and the culture itself may start to fade away. The company is gearing up to return to Japan. Its first attempt to break into the Japanese market was a bust. At that time, IKEA only based on single model of low cost strategy which made them loosen their market share in the industry. They failed to think about the external conditions of the environment which had a drastic impact on them. (Appendix 3) IKEA is seeing more competition than ever from various countries. In the U. S. , Target Corp. (TGT ) has recruited top designer Thomas OBrien to develop a range of low-priced furnishings, which were launched in October. Kmart has been collaborating with Martha Stewart on its own furniture line. An IKEA-like chain called Fly is popular in France. In Japan Nitori Co. has a lock on low-cost furniture. Hybrid strategy is a problem as IKEA is concentrating only on low cost and differentiating in design without considering the cultural values and norms enriched in different countries. American customers want more comfortable sofas, higher quality textiles, bigger glasses, more spacious entertainment units. Japanese want high quality and great materials, not low price and particle board. Large Hispanic families need dining tables and sofas that fit more than two people, which is the Swedish norm. They prefer bold colors to the more subdued Scandinavian palete and display tons of pictures in elaborate frames. 3. 0. Analysis of the External and Internal Analysis 3. 1. External Environment The world is experiencing tremendous and influential change. Although the company opened 14 new stores in fiscal 2003, sales growth was only 2. 7%, largely as a result of the depressed economic conditions across Europe, the company’s core business region (Global Market Information Database, 2004). Thus, it is clear that, in order to improve performance at a significant level, simply opening new stores is not enough. Instead, IKEA must assess its external and competitive environment, determine the key opportunities and threats which face it, and align its strengths and weaknesses to best counter the weak consumer market, and thus generate the strong growth it needs to remain a strong brand and presence in its chosen markets (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington, 2005) 3. 1. 1 Macro Environment Macro Environment (Appendix 11) includes all external forces and conditions that affect every firm and organisation within the economy. (Hubbard, 2008) 3. 1. 1. (a) . PESTEL Analysis PEST Analysis might have an important impact on the organization. Therefore IKEA have to consider the several trends namely, political, economical, socio cultural and technological while they are formulating the strategies. By understanding the threats and opportunities, can formulate better strategic decisions for IKEA. Lastly will predict whether the future strategies of IKEA is applicable or not in their perspective. IKEA have to consider the several trends namely, political, economical, socio cultural and technological while they formulating the strategies. (Appendix 4) 3. 1. 2 Micro Environment 3. 1. 2 (a) Porter’s Diamond Model Porter’s diamond model which explained competitive and cooperative growth of clusters of organisations in a country, leading to international success for the industry. It also helps us to understand the existence of the competitors. (Appendix 6) IKEA is known as the worlds largest home-furnishing retailer, which specializes, in stylish but inexpensive Scandinavian designed furniture. IKEA has been expanding sales all over the world by having national competitive advantage. Factor Conditions of IKEA is their Heritage the logo itself is blue and yellow which are the colours of the Swedish flag. Swedish lifestyle is reflected in the IKEA product range. The brightness is reflected in the colours and materials used: blond woods, natural textiles and untreated surfaces. The Competition Advantage Strategy of IKEA’s product, IKEAs success in the retail industry can be attributed to its vast experience in the retail market, product differentiation, and cost leadership. IKEA wants its products to have the minimum impact on the environment by manufacturing the products in a more socially responsible way. 3. 1. 2. (b) Strategic Drivers Model Strategic Drivers Model provides IKEA opportunities and threats. IKEA are moving from International to global status through the development of Asia and Eastern European market. Traditional product for IKEA has been within value, low price high volume product however the movement into mid and higher price points will spot an opportunity to move the demographic base and increase the average basket value with less reliance on a limited demographic group. Within the growing competitive retail markets, retailers are beginning to mirror the model of low cost value flat packed furniture, which would be a highly threat for them. With economic concerns the increase in the standard of living, and depleting disposable income there is an overall threat to the performance of the business in UK and American markets specifically. Strategic Drives Model guide IKEA to face global strategy. To become market leader in the best cost provider in the market by using the IKEA strategies (Appendix 7). 3. 1. 3. Industry Environment Industry Analysis determine the forces within organisation and the profitability and how forces changing and expected to change overtime. (Hubbard, 2008) 3. 1. 3. (a) Porters’ Five Force Theory Porter’s five forces demonstrate the competitive forces in an organization’s environment. (Aaker, 2005). These forces help determine an organization’s position when compared with its competitors in the industry environment. The problem is to estimate how profitable the average firm will be. Threat of new entrance, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining of suppliers, threat of substitute products are the five components of five force model. Each factor plays a role in explaining why some industries are historically more profitable than others. Porter’s five force model is shown in Appendix 5. This model is more important for IKEA’s managers to analyse the current situation of their industry in a structured way as several entry barriers will appear from this new entrance and it is likely to be very high due to high investments. 3. 1. 3. (b) Strategic Grouping In an industry, all competitors do not compete directly with each other. There are several different groups of competitors. These groups called strategic groups, because each groups consists of competitors competing along similar strategic dimensions as an example product, quality, and range, whereas other organisations in the industry have either a different strategy or a different target product market (Appendix 9). 3. 2. Internal Analysis Internal analysis of strengths and weakness focuses on internal factors that give an organisation certain improvements and drawbacks in meeting the needs of its target market. 3. 2. 1. (a) SWOT Analysis SWOT Analysis is mainly all about what is explaining about the company’s situation and thinking about what actions are needed. Furthermore it explains how the company strategies and other resources can overcome the weaknesses of the company, how the external environment will effect to the company. SWOT analysis must be a basis of action, to have managerial and strategy making values. (Wikimedia Foundation) Strengths: Strengths could include a company’s specialist marketing expertise or its location. They are any aspect of the business that adds value to its product or service. IKEA’s strengths include: A strong global brand which attracts key consumer groups. It promises the same quality and range worldwide Its vision – ‘to create a better everyday life for many people’. A ‘democratic design’ – reaching an ideal balance between function, quality, design and price. IKEA’s ‘Cost Consciousness’ means that low prices are taken into account when each product is designed from the outset. These strengths contribute to IKEA being able to attract and retain its customers. IKEA has strengths right through its production process:- Increasing use of raw materials Smarter use of raw materials Volume Commitments Using New Technologies Weaknesses: IKEA has to acknowledge its weaknesses in order to improve and manage them. This can play a key role in helping it to set objectives and develop new strategies. IKEA’s weaknesses may include: The size and scale of its global business. This could make it hard to control standards and quality. Some countries where IKEA products are made do not implement the legislation to control working conditions. This could represent a weak link in IKEA’s supply chain, affecting consumer views of IKEA’s products. The need for low cost products. This needs to be balanced against producing good quality. IKEA also needs to differentiate itself and its products from competitors. IKEA needs to keep good communication with its consumers and other stakeholders about its environmental activities. The scale of the business makes this a difficult task. IKEA produces publications in print and online (for example ‘People and the Environment’) and carries out major TV and radio campaigns to enable the business to communicate with different target audiences. Opportunities: IKEA has a number of areas of focus to its work with sustainability, each of which it supports in various ways: Solutions for a sustainable life at home – IKEA gives online tips and ideas for this. Sustainable use of resources. IKEA aims for zero waste to landfill, wastewater treatment and programmes to reduce its use of water. Reducing carbon footprint. IKEA aims to reduce energy use, use more renewable energy, cut its use of air transport and reduce packaging. Its green transport initiative includes an aim to reduce business flights by 20% in 2010 and 60% by 2015. Developing social responsibility. IKEA’s policy includes support for charities such as the World Wildlife Fund, UNICEF and Save the Children. Being open with all its stakeholders. This involves building trust through good communication with consumers, co-workers, key opinion formers and the press. Being sustainable is a central part of IKEA’s image. Threats: If a company is aware of possible external threats, it can plan to counteract them. By generating new ideas, IKEA can use a particular strength to defend against threats in the market. Threats to IKEA may stem from: Social trends – such as the slowdown in first time buyers entering the housing market. This is a core market segment for IKEA products Market forces – more competitors entering the low price household and furnishings markets. IKEA needs to reinforce its unique qualities to compete with these Economic factors –the recession slows down consumer spending and disposable income reduces. 3. 2. 1. (b) Value Chain Analysis Value chain considers a set of activities. The customers will only purchase a particular product if it creates value to each of them (Appendix 11). Ikea has modified the value chain approach by integrating the customer in the process and introducing a two-way value system between customers, suppliers, and Ikeas headquarters. The company wants customers to understand that their role is not to consume value, but rather to create it. (Norrmann et al, 1993: 67). Michael Porters Value Chain Analysis will help to identify how IKEA can build its capabilities to compete with other competing businesses as well as to keep its market positioning (Appendix 10). 4. 0. Identifying Strategic Capabilities Strategic capability is the satisfactoriness and appropriateness of the resources and competences of an organisation for it is to survive in it market and prosper. (Hubbard, 2008) (Appendix 12) 4. 1. Resources Recourse can be defines as tangible and intangible assets of the organisation. Tangible assets are the physical assets of the organisations and the intangible assets are non physical assets of the organisations. IKEA is an organisation, where the customer itself has to chooses and engage in assembling the product. The quality products received by the end customers are more valued than intangible service provider. Resources can be sources of competitive advantage by themselves. 4. 2. Core Competencies IKEA is providing flat-pack furniture, ready to be assembled by the consumer. This allows a reduction in costs and packaging for the company and transportation costs can be saved by the consumers as well. Besides the quality furniture products, the subsidiary services provided on the stop is an added advantage for customers. IKEA stores include restaurants and cafes serving typical Swedish food. They also have small food shops selling Swedish groceries, everything from the famous meatballs to jam. Stores are located worldwide. IKEA’s other competencies includes the internet services which increase sales by having a competitive advantage. 4. 3. Dynamic Capability Dynamic capabilities are the processes that lead to development of improved resources (customer data base), capabilities (a better customer relationship system and strategic decision making. (Hubbard, 2008) Knowledge management, leaning and innovation are the key areas of dynamic capabilities. Knowledge management lead to change in capabilities which learning would occur. The results of the learning can have a drastic impact in innovation, maintaining or extending strategic capabilities. 5. 0. Conclusion This assignment is critically discussed about the current performance and the strategies of IKEA. The report assessed the internal and external environmental factors such as SWOT analysis, PESTAL Analysis, Strategic Grouping model, Porters five forces theories and critical problems as well as the key success factors. IKEA currently follows a cost leadership strategy. Porter argued if you differentiate while simultaneously reducing cost, this would lead to strategic confusion â€Å"stuck in the middle†. It is possible IKEA does do this by constantly trying to improve design. IKEA currently poses a negative reputation in the Japanese market; hence first they need to reposition themselves in the market. It is vital to take into consideration the cultural values and norms different countries value most, in order to have a competitive advantage in the market. Continuously identifying the customers’ needs and improving the marketing strategies are one of the key factors that should be taken into consideration by IKEA. 6. 0. References A. Thompson, A. S. (2001). Strategic Managemen:concept and cases. New York: McGraw. Aaker, David A. (2005). Strategic Market Management (7th. ed). New York: John Wiley Charles W. L Hill, G. R. (2001). Strategic Management :an intergrated approach. Boston USA: Houghton Mifflin Company. Danny Samson, R. D. (2005). Fundamental of Management . south Melbourne Victoria: Dryden. Hubbard, G. (2008). Stategic Management:Thinking,Analysis,Action. PEST Analysis. (2000). Retrieved from What is PEST Analysis: http://marketingteacher. com/Lessons/lesson_PEST. htm Wikimedia Foundation, I. (n. d. ). IKEA. Retrieved August 17, 2010, from Wikipedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/IKEA Wikimedia Foundation, I. (n. d. ). SWOT Analysis . Retrieved August 17, 2010, from Wikipedia: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/SWOT_analysis IKEA. (2010). Retrieved August 19, 2010, from http://www. ikea. com/ms/en_US/about_ikea/index. html Lane, G. (2007). Failed Business in Japan. Japan. Inc. Magazine No. 73, Sep 17, 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2010, from http://www. japaninc. com/mgz_sep-oct_2007_issue_failed-businesses 7. 0. Appendices Appendix 01 Company Background IKEA is a Swedish home furnishing retailer. It has 231 stores in 33 countries, most of them in Europe, the rest in the United States, Canada, Asiaand Australia. More than 20 opened during 2005. IKEA is one of the few store chains to have locations both in Israel and in other Middle Eastern nations IKEA currently follows a cost leadership strategy. Porter argued if you differentiate while simultaneously reducing cost, this would lead to strategic confusion â€Å"stuck in the middle†. It is possible IKEA does do this by constantly trying to improve design. Mission Statement: â€Å"The IKEA vision globally is to create a better everyday life for the many. At IKEA Tempe we are dedicated to giving to the local community will being regarded by our customers and co-workers as a social responsible company Appendix 02 Double Loop Learning Model Cooperate Performance Strategy Implication Strategy Development Loop 1 Improving Efficiency Loop 2 Strategy Unsatisfied Tighter Control Effectiveness Improvement Develop modify change strategy Double loop learning model guided IKEA for strategy development, strategy implication cooperate performance by analyzing customers performance (whether customer is satisfied with the service or not), employee performance (Whether employees are motivated or de-motivated, financial performance (profit, ROI) and finally operation performance. If their current strategy unsatisfied (If the customers and employees are dissatisfied) they have to develop modify change strategy. Appendix 3 Critical Issues: Lars Petersson, CEO of IKEA’s Japan operations gave a valuable advice pertinent to any international company looking to avoid the fate, â€Å"I think to come to Japan thinking you are in just another country is the start of the failure because there are a lot of local things you need to understand. You need to have local people employed right from the start, at a high level that understands what this country is all about. † (Lane,2007) Appendix 4 External Environment Macro Environment PESTAL Analysis Legal Political Economical PESTEL Socio Cultural Environmental Technological Political – Political and legal trends focus on laws and policies can be affected to the organization. IKEA should consider consumer protection legislation, government and economic policies, foreign policies because they can have far reaching effects on their business. Economic – due to the economic changes and trends, company is adopting different kind of strategies that will take an appeal on their customers and aiming to own the customer loyalty. The company adopts furniture style such as dinnerware, lightings and even rugs. Yet, the economic conditions affected the company’s market performance and declared a slowdown because of lacking the strategic direction. In order to generate the high performance of the business, IKEA should be careful in analyzing and considering the key issues that involved in any aspects of the business and act accordingly. Social – The IKEA contributed much in the society as they provide opportunities in people and the employees are entitled in different benefits such as insurance and pensions. Moreover, the company promises to provide more high quality furniture that sticks to their original concept – stylish furniture at low prices. Technological – The IKEA used quality technology and systems to promote the shorter queues, proper scheduling, tracking and trading patterns, and staffing. It aims to be more productive and establish employee preferences. The system made the IKEA in a position to ensure the right number of staff in a right place and in a right time to match the unique trading patterns at each stores of IKEA. Legal – The legal compliance of IKEA is strictly implemented with the relevant and applicable laws and regulations that pertain to the environment, social and working conditions. The company also scheduled the most demanding requirements to be specific in maintaining the list of laws and regulations and with the procedures. Environmental – With regards to the environmental factors such as the air, noise, and water, inspections are implemented to ensure the company provides corrective actions within the stipulated time. The environmental inspection is part of the legal documentation and environmental authorities as the business operations are on-goings and maintains the competence. Appendix 5 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Power of the Buyers There is a little power because of the exiting low-price options. Furniture and other small items have an alternative and consumers have limited alternative choices that make the IKEA unique among its competitors. In addition, the low price strategy is another way of the company to response in buyer’s needs. Power of Supplier IKEA has its thousands of suppliers that set standards in delivering the materials. Once in a while, for some products, the IKEA bids for the contracts with multiple companies to craft the same products. Most of the suppliers work in IKEA and compete with other suppliers, and they have a little bargaining power. Because of the low-pricing, IKEA’s profit margin also affects the prices in raw materials than by prices in labor. Rivalry The IKEA’s furniture competitors’ offers different styles and functionality. Conrin targets a new low cost in terms of furniture line; Cratel Barrel offers a furniture in a box which is subject in higher prices; Ethan Allen aimed at a more upscale market; Wal-Mart is equipped in a big box furniture that is categorized under the general store must-have-items, but don’t have much of a style. IKEA is the most successful in delivering the complete package for the customers that reflects on weak rivalries. Substitutes There is no specific product that can be a substitute for the furniture but IKEA at least, have to keep up with the latest trends, to avoid becoming out of style. Another advantage is that, through their cutting and leading technology, IKEA could copy any new style fairly and move each the product into its stores. New Entrants Another furniture company is rolling on a low-cost strategy and should compete with the IKEA as the excellent company in delivering the furniture and house wares. IKEA stores do not reach many small towns and this is an opportunity for the new competitors to move into small and midsize cities with smaller stores and less selection. But not easier in city because new entrants have to establish a vast supply chain and create a unique brand name. Appendix 6 External Environment – Micro Environment Porters Diamond Model Firm Strategy Structure Rivalry Factors Condition Competitive Advantage Demand Condition Supporting Related Industry Appendix 7 Strategic Drivers Model Global Market Convergent Similar Customer Needs Global Customers Transferable Market Global Strategy Global Competition Global Competitors Export Import Independencies Cost Advantage Economy of Scale Country Specific Source of Efficiencies Product Development Cost Government Influence Host Government Policy Trade Policy Technical IKEA has a number of areas of focus to its work with sustainability, each of which it supports in various ways: Solutions for a sustainable life at home – IKEA gives online tips and ideas for this. Sustainable use of resources. IKEA aims for zero waste to landfill, wastewater treatment and programmes to reduce its use of water. Reducing carbon footprint. IKEA aims to reduce energy use, use more renewable energy, cut its use of air transport and reduce packaging. Its green transport initiative includes an aim to reduce business flights by 20% in 2010 and 60% by 2015. Developing social responsibility. IKEAs policy includes support for charities such as the World Wildlife Fund, UNICEF and Save the Children. Being open with all its stakeholders. This involves building trust through good communication with consumers, co-workers, key opinion formers and the press. Being sustainable is a central part of IKEAs image. http://www. authorstream. com/Presentation/chirujith-250794-ikea-ppt-swot-analysis-entertainment-powerpoint/ Appendix 8 External Environment – Industry Environment Porters Five Forces Model The new entrance Switching cost Relative price Relative quality Threat of new entrance Bargaining power of buyers Buyer Switching cost Buyer volume Buyer information Suppliers Switching cost Supplier volume Supplier information Competitor Rivalry Switching cost Rate of industry growth Product differences Bargaining power of suppliers Threat of substitutes Substitutes Switching cost Relative price Relative quality Threat of Entry High profitability makes high barriers to entry limit the number of competitors, discouraging potential competitors. The entry for furniture industry cost are high. (E. g. – IKEA successfully enter into the low cost strategy in the furniture industry) IKEA has major advantage because they have experience with the airline industry market to compete well. There have high government policies IKEA have a high level of customer loyalty. Bargaining power of Buyers Customers’ ability to demand reduce the price which affect profitability. The bargaining power is low because, IKEA has low price products compared to the quality. Loyal buyer not easily switch to an another as they are satisfied with the handy affordable quality products.. Providing re order services through IKEA web site. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Profitability directly affects Suppliers’ ability to influence cost of supplies inputs. The bargaining power is low because, The prices of raw materials may increase, because of inflation Have a good relationship with the suppliers as IKEA has been operating for so long. Threat of Substitute Products The company profitability and size of the market mainly affected for the emergence of substitutes products rather than competing brands of the same product. The threat of substitute’s products is high As there been a rapid increase in the competition. Competitive Rivalry Aggressive competition, reduce prices and increases costs also affect the profitability. The competitive rival is low because, IKEA is the only furniture business which sells the products in a flat pack. IKEA has special promotion offers, give free advice on how to furnish both at home and office. The customer loyalty is high toward the IKEA so there is less possibility to buyers to switch to competitor. Appendix 9 Strategic Group Analysis High IKEA O’Brien Medium Geographic Coverage Kmart Low High Medium Low Marketing effect A strategic group consists of competitor firms with similar competitive approaches and positions in the market. Same strategic group companies can resemble one another in several ways. IKEA can easily identify who are their real competitors through strategic grouping. Gap Analysis Gap analysis is helps to Identify IKEA’s actual performance with the potential performance. This occurs when the firm’s current situation and the challenges or goals which to be achieved are difference and through identifying the actions required a company can reduce the gap level in the gap analysis. Appendix 10 Value Chain Analysis Value Chain Analysis Infrastructure Primary Activity Support Activity Inbound Logistic Operation Outbound Logistic Marketing Service Sales Profit Procurement Technology Development Human Resource Management In this global sourcing strategy, the customer is a supplier of time, labor, information, knowledge and transportation. On the other hand, the suppliers are customers, receiving technical assistance from Ikeas corporate technical headquarters through various business services. Ikeas role in the value chain is to mobilize suppliers and customer to help them further add value to the system. Customers are clearly informed in the catalogs of what the firms business systems provides, and what they are expected to add to the final process. In order to furnish the customer with good quality products at a low cost, the firm must be able to find suppliers that can deliver high quality items at low cost per unit. The headquarters provides carefully selected suppliers with technical assistance, leased equipment and the necessary skills needed to produce high quality items. This long-term supplier relationship does not only produce superior products, but also add internal value to the suppliers (Normann et al, 1993: 72). In addition, this value-chain modification differentiates Ikea from its competition Primary activities Inbound logistics – IKEAs main raw material which is timber, it has individual suppliers which deliver it with wood for IKIA to make the furniture. IKEA has its own warehouses to stores these inputs. Operation – IKEA has 12 full time designers and 80 freelancers who work for the company. They have sophisticated technology and they have made huge improvements in their operations. IKEA has been successful in flat packing their furniture products thus reducing costs of production. Outbound logistics – For the delivery of IKEA’s products to its customers IKEA has its own stores in many countries of the world. IKEA operates in United States, Asia, Europe and Australia with a 226 stores. Marketing and Sales – IKEA is a high valued and highly recognized brand by people. Its sales take places in its own stores and it uses its brand name in the marketing campaigns. IKEA today is a very successful brand and therefore we could assume that it is good in its marketing and sales. Services – There are not much of IKEA’s after sales services. This is probably the area where IKEA cuts down the costs

Name Essays (1636 words) - Economy Of China, China, Economy

Name Instructor Course Date Insurance in China The international business that a company is doing can get some consequences that end up having some strong effects of the firm's success (Yu, et al). Choosing a bad country reduces the opportunities and increases the risks for a high financial loss and this can lead to loss of control on the foreign market. When conducting international business it is important to consider the cultural difference and other aspects that affect the business before entering the market. The differences can include language, political states, religion, culture and the demand types. It is easier for a company to enter the new market if the company can create partnerships in the new country just like the partnership in this case between liberty mutual in the United States and the spring airlines in China. Through doing this several obstacles are reduced and entry can be more successful (Yu, et al). Everywhere you look nowadays the booming story is that China has emerged as the world' second largest economy. The economy of China has emerged as the second largest having an economic growth of 10% in the last 30 years (Yu, et al). These numbers makes several countries salivate to tap into the economy of the growing market of China. Unlike any other place in the market, the business culture of Chinese is unlike any other country in the world and the foreign countries need to understand the practical challenges they have to face in order to succeed in this country.in this essay I will discuss the five biggest practical challenges for the foreign small and medium size medium enterprises in the China market and how to address this challenges. For almost a decade of assisting the foreign companies more so the small and the medium sized enterprises. Liberty mutual in the United States has come to understand the major problems that exist for these kind of companies when operating a nd growing their businesses. Red tape There are administrative and bureaucratic tasks in the west that have been simplified in the west that are still time consuming in China. The processes like the opening of a bank account, gaining the approval of a product and registration of a company can drug for even several months. China still lacks a strong rule of law and also has an inconsistent application of regulations, this means that the processes such as opening of a bank account and registering of a company are not designed for the convenience of a new company. The opening of bank account is an important process in China because it also plays an important role in the distribution of the insurance products and there are changes in the last couple of years represent some major threats and also major opportunities to the foreign insurers. The too many requirements needed in the entry level at the Chinese market also is a challenge. It is a regulatory requirement for any foreign insurer to be present in China for at lea st two years before they apply for the business license. No life insurer can also generate revenue before they are given the business license (Yu, et al). In the west several processes are handled electronically and in china, these processes needs reams of paperwork that needs to be filled and stamped by hand. The time that is required in completing these process is a bit lengthy. There are foreign companies that hire 1-2 full time staff in China with the hope that those hired will lead the sales and marketing efforts only to find out later that the employees spend more time in administrative tasks completion (Yu, et al). For a company to be successful in china, the company needs a full time administrative team in place that is responsible for handling the paperwork of the company. This kind of support will free up time for the sales team to focus on promoting the products of the company. This will be easy as they will not have to spend time getting approvals from the offices that are spread all over town. For success here the company should also find ways of reducing the current level of assets that are required

Defining General Education

Defining General Education General Education is the program of education that typically developing children should receive, based on state standards and evaluated by the annual state educational standards test. It is the preferred way of describing its synonym, regular education. It is preferred because the term regular connotes that children receiving special education services are somehow irregular. General Education is now the default position since the passage of the reauthorization of IDEA, now called IDEIA (The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act.) All children should spend a significant amount of time in a general education classroom, unless it is in the best interest of the child, or because the child is a danger to him/herself or others. The amount of time a child spends in the general education program is part of his or her Placement. Once again, General Education is the curriculum designed for all children which is meant to meet state standards, or if adopted, the Common Core State Standards. The General Education program is also the program which the states annual test, required by NCLB (No Child Left Behind,) is designed to evaluate.   IEPs and Regular Education ​In order to provide FAPE for special education students, IEP goals should be aligned with the Common Core State Standards. In other words, they should show that a student is being taught to the standards. In some cases, with children whose disabilities are severe, IEPs will reflect a more functional program, which will be very loosely aligned with the Common Core State Standards, rather than directly linked to specific grade level standards. These students are most often in self-contained programs. They are also the most likely to be part of the three percent of students allowed to take an alternate test. Unless students are in the most restrictive environments, they will spend some time in the regular education environment. Often, children in self-contained  programs will participate in specials such as physical education, art, and music with students in the regular or general education programs. When assessing the amount of time spent in regular education (part of the IEP report) time spent with typical students in the lunchroom and on the playground for recess is also credited as time in the general education environment.   Testing Until more states eliminate testing, participation in high stakes state tests aligned to the standards is required of special education students. This is meant to reflect how the student performs alongside their regular education peers. States are also permitted to require that students with severe disabilities are offered an alternate assessment, which should address the state standards. These are required by Federal Law, in the ESEA (Elementary and Secondary education act) and in IDEIA. Only 1 percent of all students are allowed to take an alternate test, and this should represent 3 percent of all students receiving special education services.

Stress and Accent Marks in Spanish

Stress and Accent Marks in Spanish Knowing how letters are pronounced is only one aspect of learning Spanish pronunciation. Another key aspect is knowing which syllable should be stressed, that is, the one that gets the most vocal emphasis. Fortunately, Spanish has only three basic rules of stress, and there are very few exceptions. Rules for Spanish Stress and Accent Marks Spanish uses the acute accent mark (one that rises from left to right) to indicate stress in certain words. The grave and circumflex accent marks are not used. Essentially, the accent mark is used if following the first two rules below dont correctly indicate which syllable is getting the stress: If a word without an accent mark ends in a vowel, n, or s, the stress is on the penultimate (next to last) syllable. For example, toro, computadora, joven. and zapatos all have their accent on the next-to-last syllable. Most words fit this category.A word without an accent mark that ends in other letters has the stress on the last syllable. For example, hotel, hablar, matador, and virtud all have the accent on the final syllable.If a word isnt pronounced according to the above two rules, an accent is placed over the vowel of the syllable that gets the stress. For example, comà ºn, lpiz, mà ©dico, inglà ©s, and ojal all have the stress on the indicated syllable. The only exceptions to the above are some words of foreign origin, generally, words adopted from English, that retain their original spelling and often their pronunciation. For example, sandwich is usually spelled without an accent over the initial a, even though the stress is as in English. Similarly, personal names and place names of foreign origin usually are written without accents (unless accents are used in the originating language). Note also that some publications and signs do not use accent marks over capital letters, although for clarity it is better to use them when possible. How Making a Word Plural Can Change the Accent Mark Because words ending in s or n have an accent on the next-to-last syllable, and an -es sometimes is used to make singular words plural, making a word singular or plural can affect the accent mark. This can affect both nouns and adjectives. If a word with two or more syllables and without an accent mark ends in an n, adding -es to the word will require an accent mark to be added. (Nouns and adjective ending in an unstressed vowel followed by s have identical singular and plural forms.) Words in this category are infrequent. joven (singular, youth or young), jà ³venes (plural)crimen (singular, crime), crà ­menes (plural)canon (singular, rule), canà ³nes (rules)aborigen (singular, indigenous), aborà ­genes (plural) More common are singular words that end in n or s and have an accent on the final syllable. When such words or two or more syllables are made plural by adding -es, the accent mark is no longer needed. almacà ©n (singular, warehouse), almacenes (plural)talismn (singular, lucky charm), talismanes (plural)afiliacià ³n (singular, affiliation), afiliciones (plural)comà ºn (singular, common), comunes (plural) Orthographic Accent Marks Sometimes accent marks are used only to distinguish two similar words, and they dont affect pronunciation because the marks are already on a syllable that is being stressed. For example, el (the) and à ©l (he) are both pronounced the same way, even though they have quite different meanings. Similarly, some words, quien or quià ©n, use accent marks when they appear in questions, but usually not otherwise. Accents that dont affect pronunciation are known as orthographic accents. Here are some of the common words that are affected by an orthographic accent: aun (including), aà ºn (still, yet)como (as, I eat), cà ³mo (how)de (of), dà © (form of dar)que (that), quà © (what)se (reflexive pronoun), sà © (form of saber)si (if), sà ­ (yes) Key Takeaways Spanish words without written accent marks have the stress on the last syllable unless the word ends in s or n, in which case the accent goes on the next-to-last syllable.An accent mark is used to indicate that the stress goes on that syllable where the pattern above isnt followed.Sometimes, an accent mark is used to distinguish meanings between two words that are otherwise spelled alike.

Roles and Responsibilities of Government, NGOs and Volunteer Essay

Roles and Responsibilities of Government, NGOs and Volunteer Organizations. M2S - Essay Example Risk governance capacities requires incremental decentralization coupled with clear mandates, systems of subsidiarity, and budgets to promote ownership as well as risk governance improvement at all levels (GAR, 2011). Health. Strong health services and good health are vital in reduction of disasters’ risks. Government must provide effective health systems for supporting individuals in response and recovery from disasters and protecting them from the disaster-related risks. Thus, government must prioritize emergency preparedness, risk reduction, and planning in health sector (Merlin, 2004). Environmental and transportation: Governments must ensure vulnerable areas are well prepared through such initiatives as construction of dams and drainage systems in flood-prone areas. Such areas must also have reliable infrastructure system to help in response towards disaster (Merlin, 2004). Effects of Government Roles and Responsibilities on NGOs and Volunteer Organization. Once the government meets its roles and responsibilities in disaster preparedness and management, the NGOs and voluntary organizations, which come in to assist, will have a simpler task as they will use the already established networks in their rescue missions. Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction (GAR). (2011). Reforming Risk Governance, retrieved on March 22, 2012 from:

Application of strategic planning in an organization Case Study

Application of strategic planning in an organization - Case Study Example Strategic planning is an organizational process of laying out strategies and making fine-grained decisions on resource allocation towards achieving the goals of the organization. A strategically managed organization defines its prospects in the future by looking at its current position and implementing changes through perfectly structured procedures. It requires an understanding of the current position of the business and the possible ways through which it can meets the organizational goals. Most organizations use their missions and visions to determine the strategies required to achieve that its objectives and build alignment to the vision and strategic plan. The ability of organization to execute its strategic plans is therefore directly affected by its ability to understand and make a clear presentation of the strategy to the employees, shareholders and managers of the organization. For most organizations, it is important to build a successful tool for implementing and managing th e overall business strategy. This calls for the development of a balanced scorecard and applying the concept of strategic mapping in the aligning the organization's units. A balanced scorecard is a business presentation model that allows the organization to relate its financial and non-financial aspects for strategic planning of the business goals and prospects. Present day organizations find it increasingly difficult to remain competitive because the strategies used and the business issues change constantly whereas the tools for measuring the effectiveness of these strategies record very minimal change. Many organizations use tools that measure success based on tangible assets whereas constant changes in technology dictate that all business units be linked together to meet the principals of strategic management. A balanced scorecard can be used to link the intangible and the tangible assets and help eliminate most of the challenges faced by modern day organizations. The scorecard c oncept is built upon good design guidelines for the business units to describe and implement their strategies by mapping strategic objectives into performance in different perspectives which include internal processes, customers, finance and learning and growth. These perspectives provide relevant feedback on the progress of the strategic plan of any given organization so that adjustments and efficient changes can be made where necessary. In addition to measuring the current performance of the organization towards meeting its goals, a Scorecard evaluates the firm's efforts for future improvement based on its progress in terms of profit creation and provision of satisfactory service to its customers. It signifies a quantitative and qualitative performance and multidimensional balance between the firm’s short-term and long-term objectives, financial and non-financial measures, lagging and leading indicators, and the internal and external performance. Strategy maps display the q ualitative measures such as employee satisfaction, consumer loyalty and corporate mission that transform a balanced scorecard from performance measurement to a performance management tool that is strategically driven. By using strategy maps of cause and effect, intangible assets can be manipulated combined with other assets for value addition to produce goods and services that meet the consumers’ needs and demands. Strategy maps illustrate the transformation of intangible assets into tangible consumer products and provide a strategic framework to look into a value creation strategy in the internal business process. The strategy map view of a Scorecard presents the organization’s strategy with a series of linked objectives that explain the important priorities for the organization. It also holds specific measures that represent expected level of success and strategic initiatives for the organization. The concept of strategy mapping can be explained and implemented in an organization by taking into

Together Movie Review Essay Example for Free

Together Movie Review Essay Like some Chinese movies Ive seen, I was expecting to see the uglier side of China in this film.   I was prepared for coarseness and bad cinematography.   I was expecting a movie that is like a badly-made independent film.   But Im glad to be wrong about my preconceived notions.   I was impressed by the charming sites shown, the beautiful music, and the good acting.   I was impressed by the symmetry, the colors, and the overall picture. Together is a movie that is difficult to resist.    The plot about a young, struggling artist, who goes to the city to find fame and fortune, is nothing new.   To add more spice, it turned out that Liu Xiaochun is not after all the true son of Liu Cheng.   Many movies made before Together had more or less the same plot, and some of them turned out to be cheesy.   Although Togethers plot was simple and quite common, there was a disarming quality in the way the events unfolded and portrayed.   Many of us could relate to the young boys need to develop as an artist and become known for his craft.   As a student, I am in a way similar to the boy.   I study because I want to be somebody in the future.   But unlike the boy, my way is straighter, but not necessarily easier.   The father, like most parents, only wanted the best for his child.   He gave up the familiarity of his town and embarked on a journey whose outcome is uncertain.   Most Asian families are like that.   The parents would often make a lot of sacrifices, even if it meant giving up their own dreams, in order to see their children enjoy better fortunes.   I felt the disappointment of father and son after Xiaochun failed to get a scholarship. The movie remained true to the title.   The boy and his father, through thick and thin, remained on each others side.   Xiaochun could have the fame he wanted by joining an international competition, yet he let it go.   He let go of a dream because in the end his ties with his foster parent were stronger than any ambition.   The boy let go of the promise of a beautiful world in order to be with his father in their old, backward town.

An Annotation of Emily Dickinsons I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died Essay

An Annotation of Emily Dickinson's I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died Emily Dickinson's poem "I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died" is centralized on the events of death and is spoken through the voice of the dying person. The poem explores both the meaning of life and death through the speaker and the significant incidents at the time of near death that the speaker notices. Many of Dickinson's poems contain a theme of death that searches to find meaning and the ability to cope with the inevitable. This poem is no exception to this traditional Dickinson theme; however its unusual comparisons and language about death set it apart from how one would view a typically tragic event. I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died by Emily Dickinson I heard a fly buzz - when I died - The Stillness in the Room Was like the Stillness in the Air - Between the Heaves of Storm - The Eyes around - had wrung them dry - And Breaths were gathering firm For that last Onset - when the King Be witnessed - in the Room - I willed my Keepsakes - Signed away What portion of me be Assignable - and then it was There interposed a Fly - With Blue - uncertain stumbling Buzz - Between the light - and me - And then the Windows failed - and then I could not see to see - In this first stanza, the scene of a deathbed is set. No specifics are given about the room, the dying speaker, or the people that wait in the room for an outcome. The fly is introduced and its significance is not explained as of yet. One detail that is heavily stressed is "stillness in the room." The word stillness is repeated and compared with the calm in a storm. This suggests two things: the motionlessness of death and the anticipation of something yet to come. The calm within t... ...y examined for the beauty and grace of God. In this poem, however, the fly is a messenger to the speaker. The fly's presence both comforts and informs the speaker about death and the appreciation of life. By choosing this creature, Dickinson portrays the beauty in every living thing: even the pesky fly has a purpose and a place on earth and in life. The poem also explains what the dying is experiencing, but it strays away from describing pain and fear and concentrates on how the speaker pays close attention to those that will continue to live. The speaker hopes to leaving something significant behind other than just material goods. She also notices that in the surreal moments before death, the stillness in the room encompasses everyone and everything, including even the air that fills the room. These elements work together to expose the beauty and serenity of death.

Variable Voltage Regulator

1. INTRODUCTION 1. OVERVIEW In order to achieve several small scale and large scale objectives in various electronic circuits, it is highly essential to regulate the voltage supply, given to electronic circuits. This project, namely VARIABLE VOLTAGE REGULATOR, aims at fulfilling such small goals, using the 3-terminal voltage regulator LM317. The circuit consists of an IC LM317 and a set of resistors and capacitors, in addition to the transformer and the rectifying element. The AC voltage, from the mains supply is initially stepped down to the desired voltage, which is then rectified to be applied to the input terminal of the voltage regulator IC. As mentioned earlier the voltage regulator then takes care of supplying a constant voltage at the output terminal. This voltage can be varied according to our requirements with the help of a variable resistor. This project designed has the ability to vary the voltage values from 1. 5V to 25V at an output current of 1A. 2. APPLICATIONS The LM317 is versatile in its applications, including uses in programmable output regulation and local on-card regulations Typical other applications of the voltage regulator circuits include the following: †¢ 5V Logic Regulator with Electronic Shutdown †¢ Slow Turn-On 15V Regulator †¢ High Stability 10V Regulator †¢ 0 to 30V Regulator †¢ Power Follower †¢ High Gain Amplifier †¢ 4A Switching Regulator with Overload Protection †¢ Precision Current Limiter †¢ Tracking Preregulator †¢ AC Voltage Regulator †¢ Digitally Selected Outputs Besides replacing fixed regulators, the LM317 is useful in a wide variety of other applications. Since the regulator is â€Å"floating† and sees only the input-to-output differential voltage, supplies of several hundred volts can be regulated as long as the maximum input to output differential is not exceeded, i. e. , avoid short-circuiting the output. 1. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 1. BLOCK DIAGRAM: LIST OF COMPONENTS: IC – LM317 D1-D4 – 1N4007 diode C1 – 2200 µF, 50V electrolytic capacitor C2 – 0. 1 µF, ceramic disc capacitor C3 – 10 µF, 40V electrolytic capacitor C4 – 22 µF, 35V electrolytic capacitor R1 – 47? , 1/4W resistor R2 – 10? , 1/2W resistor R3, R4 – 100? , 1/2W resistor VR1 – 1k? 1/2W wire wound potentiometer LEDs – green, red 1. IC LM317: An Adjustable Linear Voltage Regulator [pic] LM317 is the standard part number for an integrated three-terminal adjustable linear voltage regulator. LM317 is a positive voltage regulator supporting input voltage of 3V to 40V and output voltage betw een 1. 25V and 37V. A typical current rating is 1. 5A although several lower and higher current models are available. Variable output voltage is achieved by using a potentiometer or a variable voltage from another source to apply a control voltage to the control terminal. LM317 also has a built-in current limiter to prevent the output current from exceeding the rated current, and LM317 will automatically reduce its output current if an overheat condition occurs under load. LM317 is manufactured by many companies, including National Semiconductor, Fairchild Semiconductor, and STMicroelectronics. Although LM317 is an adjustable regulator, it is sometimes preferred for high-precision fixed voltage applications instead of the similar LM78xx devices because the LM317 is designed with superior output tolerances. For a fixed voltage application, the control pin will typically be biased with a fixed resistor network, a Zener diode network, or a fixed control voltage from another source. Manufacturer datasheets provide standard configurations for achieving various design applications, including the use of a pass transistor to achieve regulated output currents in excess of what the LM317 alone can provide. LM317 is available in a wide range of package forms for different applications including heatsink mounting and surface-mount applications. Common form factors for high-current applications include TO-220 with part number LM317T and TO-3 with part number LM317K. LM317 is capable of dissipating a large amount of heat at medium to high current loads and the use of a heatsink is recommended to maximize the lifespan and power-handling capability. LM337 is the negative voltage complement to LM317 and the specifications and function are essentially identical, except that the regulator must receive a control voltage and act on an input voltage that are below the ground reference point instead of above it These voltage regulators are exceptionally easy to use and require only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, both line and load regulation is better than standard fixed regulators. Also, the LM117 is packaged in standard transistor packages which are easily mounted and handled. The general circuit of a voltage regulator circuit containing LM317 is as given below: [pic] Normally, no capacitors are needed unless the device is situated more than 6 inches from the input filter capacitors in which case an input bypass is needed. An optional output capacitor can be added to improve transient response. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple rejection ratios which are difficult to achieve with standard 3-terminal regulators. Here we have designed the circuit according to the required specifications of the output current and output range of voltage. Before analyzing the design and calculation part, let us look into the general operation of the circuit for the variable voltage regulator. 2. OPERATION: 1 is the mains step down transformer (12-0-12), with a current rating of 500mA. It supplies a voltage of 12V or 24V to the regulator circuit. C1 is the main filter capacitor. The unregulated DC voltage across C1 at no load forms the input to LM317 regulator. The LM317 is a complete regulator. It has internal feedback, regulating voltage and current passing elements. In operation an accurate reference voltage, typically 1. 25V is developed between the output and adjust terminals. This reference voltage, when impressed across the resistor R1, sets up a current I1 that equals Vref/R1 in R1. I1 together with the quiescent current Iadj from the adjust terminal of the IC flows in the output set resistor R2, so that the voltage across R2 is V2 = (Vref/R1 + Iadj)*R2 The output voltage Vo at the output terminal of the IC is hence Vo=Vref + V2, given by Vo = Vref + (Vref/R1 + Iadj)*R2 Or Vo = Vref(1+R2/R1) + Iadj. R2 he LM317 is designed to minimize Iadj, this being an error term and also to make Iadj independent of line and load changes. To achieve this quiescent current is returned to the output terminal, thus establishing a minimum load current requirement. If the Iadj is neglected then the output voltage is then given by: Vo = Vref(1+R2/R1) In our project, this output voltage is available from a range of 1. 5V to 25V. This is attained with the help of the variable resistor, whose value can be varied to change the Iadj value and consequently get the desired voltage value at the output 3. DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS: 1. SPECIFICATIONS:- Output voltage: adj from 1. 25V to 25V Output current: 26. 5mA Line regulation:

Case Analysis 1: Multistate Health Corporation Essay

Describe MHC’s strategy in terms of market position. Also, identify the type of external environment MHC is operating in and the degree to which the strategy matches the environment. In this particular case study of the Multistate Health Corporation their business strategy alignment was not well suited for that of the market. They decided to focus on two objectives that would give them success and deter away from the â€Å"oversupply of bed space.† One of the objectives were to focus on technology. â€Å"The strategic planners departed from the previous strategy, opting to become a leader in the development of new health care technologies and procedures† (Effective Training 51). The other objective that they decided to align with was to improve their efficiencies in their healthcare and outpatient services. The cause of this new direction for MHC is due to the changing environment of the healthcare system and the pressures that they were receiving from the federal and state government. In order to stay competitive with other healthcare facilities, they need to be proactive and adjust their business strategies to the needs of the environment. Identify the type of structure MHC currently uses in its primary businesses. Describe the fit between the structure and the competitive strategy. Describe any structural adjustments MHC should make to maximize the effectiveness of the strategy. The way that the Multistate Health Corporation is organization is through a three-tier hierarchy. At the top of the organization is the President and CEO of the company. Underneath this position there are three regional EVPs that report to the President and CEO. Within the three regions they have their own staff that is employed across several hospitals within those regions. With the new adjustments that they are making the increase in technologies and a new focus on outpatient services, they should really readjust the organizational hierarchy by including a Research and  Development sector that would be implemented across all of the regions instead of each region creating new technologies. This would definitely maximize the effectiveness of the new competitive strategy that could be instrumented more quickly and efficiently. Identify any areas where current management KSAs are not aligned with effective implementation of the competitive strategy. There seems to be contrasting opinions in regards to the HRPS Objectives. There are three different organizational levels that had outlooks on the current situation. The first organizational level is on the corporate level, regional as the second, and divisional as the third level. The regional and divisional level felt that improving the selection and searching process was the top objective of this strategy; however, corporate felt that creating and utilizing career development was the top priority. Here are two different precedents that levels within the organization feel is the most important. Their outlook for developing this new strategic plan are not in synced with one another and may cause future predicaments in implementation and development of the plan. Another issue that has seems to involve the current management is the KSAs of these employees. â€Å"No system for evaluating the KSA required for a CEO in one part of the corporation compared with that of another. For example, the CEO in Grand Rapids has a different responsibilities compared with a CEO in Detroit, but no one at the corporate level knows what the differences are† (Effective Training 53). This is going to pose a problem because not everyone is on the same page and the competencies of these positions are not consisted between regions. There needs to be a certain set of KSAs and responsibilities based on a certain position throughout the entire organization, not based on a particular region. Having all employees equipped with the same competencies makes them more marketable within the organization.

Free Essays on Personal Death

The death of a parent is a very significant event in a person’s life. A great deal of emphasis is placed on the effects of parental death on children and young adults. However, the majority of people will most likely experience the death of a parent during the period of middle adulthood. â€Å"Only 1 in 10 children has lost a parent by age 25 but by age 54, 50 percent of children have lost both parents, and by age 62, 75 percent have lost both parents.† (Winsborough, Bumpass, & Aquilino,1991, p.39 ). The loss of a parent during adulthood is a â€Å"life changing developmental event.† (Jordan & Ware, 1991, p. 362). Parents help us form an identity and become a unique and individual person. Berlinsky & Biller (1982), describe parents as the â€Å"givers of lives, our nurturers, guides, and the constructors of our initial realities.† Many adult children must adjust their amount of involvement within the family due to the death of a parent. Adult children begin to take on responsibilities of the family and assume leadership. This is sometimes referred to as being the â€Å"head† of the family. With the passing away of a parent, adult children begin to see things in a new light and become much more mature and self-reliant. Scharlach and Fredriksen (1993), report after the loss of a parent, there are noticeable changes in, â€Å"one’s sense of maturity, personal priorities, personal freedom and responsibility.† (p.307). The initial shock of losing a parent is very traumatic to one’s well being. Scharlach and Fredriksen (1993), describe how the death of a parent has a great impact on the mental health of the adult child experiencing grief. People become filled with many emotions such as, anxiety, anger, sadness, numbness, denial, and guilt. It is hard for adult children to feel comfortable expressing these emotions because society treats the effects of parental loss on adults very lightly. Adult children may feel as if t... Free Essays on Personal Death Free Essays on Personal Death The death of a parent is a very significant event in a person’s life. A great deal of emphasis is placed on the effects of parental death on children and young adults. However, the majority of people will most likely experience the death of a parent during the period of middle adulthood. â€Å"Only 1 in 10 children has lost a parent by age 25 but by age 54, 50 percent of children have lost both parents, and by age 62, 75 percent have lost both parents.† (Winsborough, Bumpass, & Aquilino,1991, p.39 ). The loss of a parent during adulthood is a â€Å"life changing developmental event.† (Jordan & Ware, 1991, p. 362). Parents help us form an identity and become a unique and individual person. Berlinsky & Biller (1982), describe parents as the â€Å"givers of lives, our nurturers, guides, and the constructors of our initial realities.† Many adult children must adjust their amount of involvement within the family due to the death of a parent. Adult children begin to take on responsibilities of the family and assume leadership. This is sometimes referred to as being the â€Å"head† of the family. With the passing away of a parent, adult children begin to see things in a new light and become much more mature and self-reliant. Scharlach and Fredriksen (1993), report after the loss of a parent, there are noticeable changes in, â€Å"one’s sense of maturity, personal priorities, personal freedom and responsibility.† (p.307). The initial shock of losing a parent is very traumatic to one’s well being. Scharlach and Fredriksen (1993), describe how the death of a parent has a great impact on the mental health of the adult child experiencing grief. People become filled with many emotions such as, anxiety, anger, sadness, numbness, denial, and guilt. It is hard for adult children to feel comfortable expressing these emotions because society treats the effects of parental loss on adults very lightly. Adult children may feel as if t...

Definition and Examples of Autobiography

Definition and Examples of Autobiography An autobiography is an account of a persons life written or otherwise recorded by that person. Adjective: autobiographical. Many scholars regard the Confessions (c. 398) by Augustine of Hippo (354–430) as the first autobiography. The term fictional autobiography (or pseudoautobiography) refers to novels that employ first-person narrators who recount the events of their lives as if they actually happened. Well-known examples include David Copperfield (1850) by Charles Dickens and Salingers  The Catcher in the Rye (1951). Some critics believe that all autobiographies are in some ways fictional. Patricia Meyer Spacks has observed that people do make themselves up. . . . To read  an autobiography is  to encounter a self as an imaginative being ( The Female Imagination, 1975). For the distinction between a memoir and an autobiographical composition, see memoir  as well as the examples and observations below.   Etymology From the Greek, self life write Examples of Autobiographical Prose Imitating the Style of the Spectator, by Benjamin FranklinLangston Hughes on HarlemOn the Street, by Emma GoldmanRitual in Maya Angelous Caged BirdThe Turbid Ebb and Flow of Misery, by Margaret SangerTwo Ways of Seeing a River, by Mark Twain Examples and Observations of Autobiographical Compositions An autobiography is an obituary in serial form with the last installment missing.(Quentin Crisp, The Naked Civil Servant, 1968)Putting a life into words rescues it from confusion even when the words declare the omnipresence of confusion, since the art of declaring implies dominance.(Patricia Meyer Spacks, Imagining a Self: Autobiography and Novel in Eighteenth-Century England. Harvard University Press, 1976)The Opening Lines of Zora Neale Hurstons Autobiography- Like the dead-seeming, cold rocks, I have memories within that came out of the material that went to make me. Time and place have had their say.So you will have to know something about the time and place where I came from, in order that you may interpret the incidents and directions of my life.I was born in a Negro town. I do not mean by that the black back-side of an average town. Eatonville, Florida, is, and was at the time of my birth, a pure Negro towncharter, mayor, council, town marshal and all. It was not the first Neg ro community in America, but it was the first to be incorporated, the first attempt at organized self-government on the part of Negroes in America.Eatonville is what you might call hitting a straight lick with a crooked stick. The town was not in the original plan. It is a by-product of something else. . . .(Zora Neale Hurston, Dust Tracks on a Road. J.B. Lippincott, 1942)- There is a saying in the Black community that advises: If a person asks you where youre going, you tell him where youve been. That way you neither lie nor reveal your secrets. Hurston had called herself the Queen of the Niggerati. She also said, I like myself when Im laughing. Dust Tracks on a Road is written with royal humor and an imperious creativity. But then all creativity is imperious, and Zora Neale Hurston was certainly creative.(Maya Angelou, Foreword to Dust Tracks on a Road, rpt. HarperCollins, 1996) Autobiography and TruthAll autobiographies are lies. I do not mean unconscious, unintentional lies; I mean deliberate lies. No man is bad enough to tell the truth about himself during his lifetime, involving, as it must, the truth about his family and friends and colleagues. And no man is good enough to tell the truth in a document which he suppresses until there is nobody left alive to contradict him.(George Bernard Shaw, Sixteen Self Sketches, 1898)Autobiography is an unrivaled vehicle for telling the truth about other people.(attributed to Thomas Carlyle, Philip Guedalla, and others)Autobiography and Memoir- An autobiography is the story of a life: the name implies that the writer will somehow attempt to capture all the essential elements of that life. A writers autobiography, for example, is not expected to deal merely with the authors growth and career as a writer but also with the facts and emotions connected to family life, education, relationships, sexuality, travels, and inn er struggles of all kinds. An autobiography is sometimes limited by dates (as in Under My Skin: Volume One of My Autobiography to 1949 by Doris Lessing), but not obviously by theme.Memoir, on the other hand, is a story from a life. It makes no pretense of replicating a whole life.(Judith Barrington, Writing the Memoir: From Truth to Art. Eighth Mountain Press, 2002)- Unlike autobiography, which moves in a dutiful line from birth to fame, memoir narrows the lens, focusing on a time in the writers life that was unusually vivid, such as childhood or adolescence, or that was framed by war or travel or public service or some other special circumstance.(William Zinsser, Introduction, Inventing the Truth: The Art and Craft of Memoir. Mariner Books, 1998) An Epidemical Rage for Auto-Biography[I]f the populace of writers become thus querulous after fame (to which they have no pretensions) we shall expect to see an epidemical rage for auto-biography break out, more wide in its influence and more pernicious in its tendency than the strange madness of the Abderites, so accurately described by Lucian. London, like Abdera, will be peopled solely by men of genius; and as the frosty season, the grand specific for such evils, is over, we tremble for the consequences. Symptoms of this dreadful malady (though somewhat less violent) have appeared amongst us before . . ..(Isaac DIsraeli, Review of The Memoirs of Percival Stockdale, 1809)|The Lighter Side of Autobiography- The Confessions of St. Augustine are the first autobiography, and they have this to distinguish them from all other autobiographies, that they are addressed directly to God.(Arthur Symons, Figures of Several Centuries, 1916)- I write fiction and Im told its autobiography, I write autobiography and Im told its fiction, so since Im so dim and theyre so smart, let them decide what it is or isnt.(Philip Roth, Deception, 1990)- Im writing an unauthorized autobiography.(Steven Wright) Pronunciation: o-toe-bi-OG-ra-fee

Explain the reasons why left realism emerged Essay - 1

Explain the reasons why left realism emerged - Essay Example eft realism emerged as a reaction to ‘law and order’ politics and to the perceived vacuum in radical left thinking on crime and crime control (Carrabine 79). Ideally, Left realism emanates from a situation that demonstrates the need to focus the social problems in the society. However, many scholars have been questioning the capacity of this theory to address societal problems (HistoryLearningSite 1). In its emergence, the theory of Left realism sought to address the reality of crime for the working class victim and the need to elaborate a socialist alternative to conservative emphases on law and order (Carrabine 79-80). In the mid-1980s, there was a common perception that the efficiency and effectiveness of the police, and criminal justice agencies were performance indicators of maximum crime arrests (Lea 141). However, the Left realism sought to correct this perception by noting that the flow of information about crime from victims and communities to the police, which was a matter of trust, was the key factor that would address crime in the society (Lea 142). This theory achieved this by noting that crime is intra-class and is rampant on poor communities (Lea 142). Indeed, the Left realism aimed at the practical experience of victimization in the poor and working class communities (Lea 142). Notably, the Left realism sought to criticize the views of right-realism that advocated for longer sentences and additional prisons (HistoryLearningSite 1) as the solution to rising crime rates (Lea 142). Indeed, the right-realism was actually not addressing crime in an effective manner and hence the Left realism sought to encourage socialists to address crime in a serious manner (Currie 114-117). During the emergence of the Left realism criminality among the working class was worsening as radical criminologists maintained the social constructionist view of crime and hence the need for the Left realism to curb the problem (Hale et al 86-87). As such, this theory sought

Critically evaluate the concepts of the uncovered interest parity and Essay

Critically evaluate the concepts of the uncovered interest parity and covered interest parity conditions in explaining changes in exchanges rates. Discuss their - Essay Example The principal function of FEM is the transfer of funds or purchasing power from one country or currency to another. When we consider exchange rate determination, the factors that significantly concern time dependence, become extremely important. It is somewhat reflected in the interest rates which themselves are prices of present-future substitution (abstinence); this influences savings, consumption, demand for goods, and so, money (both domestic and foreign) and hence the related prices. Thus exchange rate being a price of foreign currency in terms of the domestic currency, becomes influenced by interest rate and inflation over time. The sections below are titled along sub-themes with a critical note at the concluding section. As stated above, the exchange rate is in turn governed by a currency's interest rate and hence the question of parity and differentials become extremely important. Interest rate parity is said to occur when deposits of all currencies offer the same expected return. Two types of such parity have been envisaged in the literature Covered and uncovered that we discuss below. In the floating exchange rates regime exchange rates are market determined. Since Early Mundell-Flemming days (i.e. early nineteen sixties), it has been established that the degree of capital mobility is crucial in determining the open economy macroeconomics of participating countries. In this context when perfect international capital mobility occurs, bonds that are free of default risk domestically become free of default risk internationally also. With capital mobility of this degree, domestic bonds become perfect substitutes of foreign bonds on which forward cover has been taken and arbitrage brings about equality between domestic interest rate i and foreign interest rate i* plus the forward premium on foreign exchange 'f '.This is covered interest rate parity (cip) given by : i = i* + f (1) 2.2 Uncovered Interest Parity A stronger definition of capital mobility incorporates additional criterion that attitude towards exchange risk be taken as risk neutrality because that is nearly common among investors and exchange risk is perfectly diversifiable. In that case speculation turns the forward premium into equality with the expected rate of appreciation of the foreign currency: f = [(Et+1 - Et) / Et]e (2) where E is the exchange rate that the price of the foreign currency in terms of domestic currency (superscript e refers to expected status of the associated variable).Then equation (1) changes into i = i* + [(Et+1 - Et) / Et]e (3) This is the condition known as uncovered interest parity (uip). 3. Relationship between Covered and Uncovered Interest Parity In the case of perfect foresight and perfect capital mobility the two conditions will be the same. The relationship between the two lies in the characteristic of future expectation orientation of the uip that one does not take care of in the perfect capital mobility, perfect information and perfectly rational expectations. Form empirical standpoint,

International business strategy report Vodafone Essay

International business strategy report Vodafone - Essay Example Vodafone is a British multinational telecommunication company headquartered in London. The company was formed 1984 named as Recal telecommunication Company which was a subsidiary of Rach Electronics Plc. In 1991 the company was fully demerged from Recal and named as Vodafone Group. According company’s disclosed data in 2009; it has a direct market presence in 52 countries with over 302 million of mobile customers. It is the world’s largest telecommunication company in terms of revenue and second largest in terms of customers behind China Mobile. Identification of strategic issues through analysis To analyse the current strategies that the company has been following, there need to analyse the different area of its business like external environment, internal resources and internality operations of the company. There are some important tools which need to be analysed with respect to the company’s business for analysis of market base values of the company’s external business environment. Past key successful factor of the company was its global networks. Since the early 1990s, after the demerge form the Recal, Vodafone started international expansion in the European countries. In 1995, it earned 20 % of its total turnover of billion from its international business only. The company’s expansion strategy was opportunistic and aggressive and it started acquisition of the leading foreign companies or some stake of those to start operation in different countries including Germany, Spain, Italy, France etc. The current key successful factors of the company are highlight by the company’s CEO Vittorio Colao’s on his interview to Financial Times on November, 2008. The company has emphasised on its shift from expansions growth to consolidation in the existing market. Due to the increased competition in the domestic market of UK, it has taken strategy to buy the rival companies in UK to stay in leading position. The most tangible element of the companyâ€⠄¢s current strategies is improving its bottom line performance i.e. is the local autonomy through effective regional coverage in the existing market. It also has concentrated on the packaged services i.e. fixed and wireless services for individuals as well as for the business customers. It has started development of its stores by collaboration with Softbank. Five forces analysis is the most important tool to analyse the company’s external environments. Capital intensiveness of the new companies, new advanced wireless technology and new regulations of the different government in foreign markets have been acting as moderate threat of new entrants for the company. Vodafone has emphasised on the internet services for mobile users which is facing a strong threat of its substitute, Wi-Fi services. The company has been facing moderate bargaining power of its supplier due to the influence of distinctive mobile phone producers like Apple and Samsung. Google has also integrated its su pply chain which also has an

Analysis of Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation Speech

Analysis of Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation Speech The Day of Infamy On the seventh of December, 1941, the lives of many people drastically changed. In that particular afternoon, all American radio broadcasts were interrupted with important news. Pearl Harbor had been attacked by an unforeseen Japanese air raid. The results of the attack were devastating and, according to the National WWII Museum, killed 2,403 U.S. personnel, including 68 civilians, and destroyed or damaged 19 U.S. Navy ships, including 8 battleships (A Pearl Harbor Fact Sheet). The following day, December 8th, 1941, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the president at the time, gave an address to the distressed nation regarding the attack. His speech consisted of an explanation of what had taken place at Pearl Harbor, evidence that the attack was in fact predetermined, and a request for the United States of America to wage war against Japan. Currently neutral in regards to the second world war, the United States of America was close to entering the war but was hesitant. In his speech entitled the Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation also known as the Infamy speech Franklin D. Roosevelt persuaded the government and the people through word choice, design, and appeal, to declare war against Japan. One of the most important parts of any speech is how the speaker structures it. The ingenious way that Roosevelt structured his speech held a major part in how it, as Braj Mohan reflects, proved a turning point in the course of the Second World War (68). Roosevelt used various methods in structuring his speech in order to form a better argument. A method that Roosevelt utilized when structuring his speech was repetition. For example, when reporting the various places that had been attacked by Japan on December 7th, he says: Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong. Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam. Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands. Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island (Roosevelt). The use of repetition in this paragraph of Roosevelts speech proved to be very clever and useful, as it provides a much greater emphasis for the point being made. Throughout Franklin D. Roosevelts speech, he structures his argument by first stating that what happened at Pearl Harbor was evil and unpredicted. Then he goes on to state how the United States of America needs to secure itself and provide defense. Finally, he completes his argument with a call to action in response. Another, and probably just as important, part of a speech is word choice. The speaker has the ability to portray many different emotions and meanings to the audience, if the words are chosen in a clever way. When analyzing his speech, it is evident from the beginning that Roosevelt was careful when choosing his words. Roosevelt opens his speech by immediately delivering the devastating news about Pearl Harbor: Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 a date which will live in infamy the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan (Roosevelt). In this opening phrase, there are multiple strong words that were chosen to describe what had taken place. Roosevelt used the word infamy very wisely in the beginning of speech when he describes December 7th as a date which will live in infamy. The word infamy literally means being well known for some bad quality or evil deed, and Roosevelt picked it precisely to portray how evil the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor was. Continuing on in his opening, Roosevelt couples the words suddenly and deliberately to describe how Pearl Harbor was attacked. These words were used by Roosevelt to portray that the bombing of Pearl Harbor was definitely no accident, and that the United States of America was in no way prepared for it. Throughout the speech, Roosevelt utilizes two rhetorical modes of ethos and pathos, in order to further complete his argument as a whole. Looking at the speech in a larger context, it is evident how Roosevelt uses these appeals when writing his speech to the intended audience. Since he is speaking mainly to the citizens of the United States of America, one of the main appeals Roosevelt uses is Pathos which is the appeal or evocation of emotion. For example, Roosevelt mentions in his speech that the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace (Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation). By stating that the United States, which implies the nation as a whole, was deceived by Japan into thinking that the Japanese had similar goals of peace in mind, Roosevelt awakens the feeling of betrayal by Japan in the hearts of the American citizens. Roosevelt also backs up his argument with the use of ethos, the ap peal to ethics or morals. Towards the ending of his speech, Roosevelt assert that, in regards to Japan, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory (Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation). In this phrase, Roosevelt incorporates religion into the argument which further inspires the audience, and assures them that it is morally right to wage war against Japan. In Summary, the impact of Franklin Delano Roosevelts Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation was enormous. At the time that the speech was given, the USA had been recuperating from the first world war. Since the United States of America was trying to uphold a stance of neutrality in the second world war, it was hesitant to engage in any warfare. Because of this, Franklin D. Roosevelt formulated his speech in such a way, with particular word choice, design, and appeal, to not only reveal the evil of Japans deeds but also to persuade the nation to declare war. The USA was at its tipping point, and after the shocking news broke out that Pearl Harbor had been attacked, the United States of America finally entered the second world war. Works Cited A Pearl Harbor Fact Sheet. National WWII Museum. www.nationalww2museum.org/assets/pdfs/pearl-harbor-fact-sheet-1.pdf. Accessed 24 Mar. 2017. Mohan, Braj. A Demonstration of the Discourse Dissection Model (DDM) with an analysis of FD Roosevelts Pearl Harbour address to the nation. SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics, vol. 13, no. 1, 2016, p. 62+. Academic OneFile, db06.linccweb.org/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com.db06.linccweb.org/ps/i.do?p=AONEsw=wu=lincclin_dbccv=2.1it=rid=GALE%7CA469757333asid=311032f9663020836acc9d055f4f8632. Accessed 24 Mar. 2017. Roosevelt, Franklin D. Pearl Harbor Address to the Nation. American Rhetoric. Web. 23 Mar. 2017. .